Review: AstroCity Metro Book Vol 6

 I never got around to buying/reading the last few AstroCity collections, and it turned out that they're now all available on Hoopa as part of the Metro Book collections, so I checked out the final volume. The framing story is that of a mysterious blue-skinned character known as the Broken Man. It turns out that he's the last of a series of historical supernatural characters that embody music. This gives Busiek a chance to explore the history of Astro City and its previous incarnations.

Unlike the first few AstroCity volumes, which focus on the mundane characters living in AstroCity, this one is truly focused on the superheroes. What I like about the heroes is that these are all really quirky characters. One is literally the figment of his daughter's imagination (unfortunately, I got exposed to the same idea in Kurt Busiek's Creature of the Night). Another is an amulet that confers the power of a bonded animal with the human it's attuned to. This one was fun, because the amulet got bonded with a Corgi puppy. The result was hilarious (imagine a superhero being told how adorable and cute he is after saving the day).

One great mundane story was a follow up to a story told in the first volume of Astro City where a man lost his wife as a result of a time changing battle between heroes and a volume, and as a result his wife never existed. In that story, he was given the choice to forget her and absorb himself into his new timeline or to remember both time lines. In this story, we see the followup consequences of that. It was a great story.

I enjoyed the book. It kinda ends tentatively --- we never see what happens to the Broken Man. I get the impression Busiek abandoned Astro City because his other contracts were more lucrative. It's a unique universe, however, so I hope he comes back to it.

Reiew: The Molecule of More

 The Molecule of More is a book length exposition of Dopamine. There's plenty of exposition about Dopamine's role in well known human syndromes such as addiction, but this book managed to explain it in a clear and interesting fashion without boring me, which I thought made it an excellent book to read as a review of what I'd already learned in previous books.

The long and short of the book is that Dopamine is the molecule exuded by your brain when there's a positive prediction error. In other words when something is a lot more pleasant or pleasurable than you expected. This leads you to do more of whatever the action you took until that positive prediction error goes away, which of course is pretty fast in the case of typical substances like food or drink.

When it comes to addictive substances like drugs (alcohol, cocaine, or sometimes even video games), however, this prediction error can turn you into an addict. In those circumstances, what medical practice can do is to try to heighten the pleasure you get from the H&N ("here and now") molecules which your body uses to direct pleasure at what you currently have as opposed to anticipatory pleasure that dopamine provides. Disappointingly enough, the book doesn't go into very much detail about how H&N molecules work.

The book then expands on this principle to describe how certain people who have heightened dopamine receptors can never be unhappy no matter how much they have. This explains why certain driven people keep focusing on achievements no matter what they've achieved, and why Mick Jagger never settled down with a single woman and just kept looking for more.

Some of the book is clearly speculative, for instance, the section speculating on how immigrants tend to have more dopamine receptors. Many of the book's points are told in the form of stories about an individual that feel compelling.

I enjoyed this book and can recommend it.

Review: Batman - Creature of the Night

 After reading Superman - Secret Identity, I discovered that Kurt Busiek wrote the Batman equivalent called Creature of the Night which showed up in 2020. So of course I checked it out of the library via Hoopla and read it.

Just like the other graphic novel, this one is set in a world where DC Comics exist, and everyone knows that Bruce Wayne is Batman. In fact, growing up, Bruce Wainwright loved Batman and made sure everyone knew about it, even calling a family friend Alfred.

When Wainwright's parents are killed, he gets distraught and somehow a Batman appears to help him out. Over the rest of the graphic novel, we get exposition about the nature of this Batman (which is nothing like the conventional Batman comics) and then we deal with how the real world differs from the easy answers of the Batman comics.

The story falls strictly into the fantasy category. There is no explanation for the Batman that makes sense (unlike even in the official DC comics), though there's some bizarre explanation in the narrative that's unsatisfying to me. There's no deep exploration of Bruce's psyche, and there's no long journey where Bruce gets any ephiphanies. That makes this book a weaker work than Secret Identity, but it was worth reading for a unique take on Batman.

Review: Superman - Secret Identity

 Somehow I'd missed that Kurt Busiek wrote a Superman story called Secret identity. Well, of course I had to go and check it out from Hoopla. The story is set on Earth Prime (or rather, our Earth, where no superheroes exist). On Earth Prime, DC Comics continue to publish superhero comics, so everyone knows that Clark Kent is Superman. Except, in this universe Clark Kent was just the cruel joke played on him by his parents, who figured why not subject their kids to the worst bullying possible by naming him Clark when they live in Picketsville, Kansas.

Much like the story in Invincible, Clark Kent has a normal childhood and grows up having broken bones just like any other kid. But in high school, his powers manifest one day, and he discovers that he's Superman! Unlike other Superman stories there are no Lex Luthors or other Super-Villains. (There is a Lois, but not Lois Lane) He works as a writer, but not as a reporter for a newspaper. (It's The New Yorker)

The challenges this version of Superman gets are of course, the government trying to capture him and subject him to experiments and so forth. (Why governments are never sensible can probably be a PhD thesis on Earth Prime) Strangely enough, this Superman can get his blood drawn and so on. We see him fall in love, get married, have kids, and even retire.

As Superman stories go, this is a pretty down to earth, easy to read, and short story. We never get to see where his powers come from, or whether he truly was adopted. There are lots of loose ends. But beyond that it's a pretty reasonable story but not quite up to par with Busiek's AstroCity work.

Review: Good Omens Graphic Novel

 I will confess that I've always bounced off Terry Prachett's work. Disc World, you name it, I can't read more than a few pages before I'm tired of it. Good Omens (the novel) was no exception. But a year or so ago Bowen and Boen got into watching the TV show, and I found that I enjoyed it. I guess I liked the plot, it was always Terry Prachett's writing that left me cold.

Colleen Doran announced that she was doing a graphic novel adaptation of Good Omens. It was a kickstarter project, and I backed it before the allegations about Neil Gaiman was announced. In any case, it wouldn't have felt fair to knock Colleen Doran for associating with Gaiman. The graphic novel took a year or so to deliver, and I'd even forgotten about it by the time it showed up in the mail.

It's a testament to how far Gaiman's star has fallen that his name wasn't even on the title page to the book, though it showed up in the interior splash page. The art is great, as you can expect from Doran, but you can tell that the comic was adapted from a (very wordy) novel. There are several places where a traditional comic book author would tell the story in pictures rather than huge blocks of text that were probably lifted from the novel proper.

Where the comic differs from the TV show, it was clear that the show was the one that deviated from the novel. The novel does the usual Gaiman schtick of setting up for a great battle and then having it be defused with an anticlimax (the TV show doesn't shy away from that schtick). The graphic novel adds enough color (literally) and distraction that the Terry Prachett prose didn't bother me at all.

What can I say? A comic book that lets me read a novel that I've bounced off. That makes it recommended.

Review: Beguilement

 Amazon showed me that Beguilement was for sale for $2. The library didn't have it in electronic format and I found myself thinking: "Wait, a Lois Bujold series I haven't read?" And I bought it and read it in 3 days or so.

This story is a romance (a lot of Bujold's stories are romances), about the meeting of Dag and Fawn. The world they're in has a lake and Dag belongs to the Lakewalkers, a semi-militarized group of patrols whose job is to seek out "malices" (essentially evil spirits) that occasionally wake up and take over mammals or humans and start attempting to take over the world.

The story starts with Dag rescuing Fawn from one of the local malice's minions, and through a series of mishaps and misadventures Fawn ends up killing the malice. They fall in love and the rest of the story in-clues you into the milieu through their integrating their disparate lives together, and demonstrating what the major superpower the patrollers have (called "groundsense") are.

The characters are great (Lois Bujold's characters always are). They're not as well formed as Miles Vorkosigan was, but they're relatable and Bujold's writing always makes you care about them. This being the first of a 4-part series, the world isn't as fully fleshed out but you get some hints of what should be upcoming reveals --- Bujold always plays fair in that anything that she reveals probably got some useful hints earlier on in the narrative. That's what made her such a good SF writer, and that rigor carries over nicely to her fantasy fiction.

Even mediocre Bujold is good reading. Contrasting her writing with Murakami makes me feel that the world is unfair. In a more just world, Bujold would get just as much attention from mainstream outlets as Murakami's novels get.

Review: Play Nice

 Play Nice is Jason Schreier's corporate history of Blizzard Entertainment. Written in a breathless manner that befits its subject, the book is fast paced and covers Blizzard from its origins as a 2 person startup to a corporation that was sold first to Davidson & Associates, then to Vivendi, then to Activision, and finally the sale to Microsoft.

For those of us who got their careers in Silicon Valley, this book is a reminder that the entertainment industry, particularly video game companies outside Silicon Valley, doesn't believe in sharing the wealth. Other than the two founders, the initial employees at Blizzard never got stock options or any other form of equity, so when Blizzard was first sold, only its founders got wealthy. This story repeated itself until the sale to Activision, whereupon some staff (not all) got some sort of profit sharing bonuses, but even that was computed in an opaque fashion. It's no wonder that game industry veterans are frequently so bitter.

The book does mention people I actually met (e.g., Pat Wyatt, one of the early engineers at Blizzard). Wyatt was actually as good a programmer as his reputation, though Warcraft (and later Diablo) had its share of bad code. Nevertheless, I remember Wyatt walking me through Warcraft's two player code over the phone and talking me through inserting an IP layer into it --- it was a very productive session.

The book does cover the various sexual harassment scandals that ultimately caused the Blizzard sale. It places it in context, noting that many various events could also be attributed to Blizzard's fast and loose culture and very young staff. It also covered the go-go years at Blizzard, when it could seemingly do no wrong, from Warcraft II to Starcraft to World of Warcraft, it seemed as though Blizzard's every product was a big success.

To the extent that the book has villains, its mostly corporate managers who had no passion for video games and themselves could never sit down and play video games or take it seriously as a hobby. The book attributes Blizzard's success to its own employees being enthusiastic games who would provide feedback and polish the product rather than release it early to make a fast buck. Taking down Diablo III's auction house, for instance, was also an unusual move for a company to actively delete a way of monetizing the product in favor of making the game actually better for players.

Of course, such dedication to product quality is very hard in a world where "enshittification" is the rule. Whether Blizzard continues to make good games after its acquisition by Microsoft is very much in doubt. I enjoyed the book and found it entertaining. Well worth your time.

Review: 1Q84

 I previously bounced off 1Q84, but after reading about Harukami talking about it about his first attempt at a really long novel (over 1000 pages!) I decided to give it a chance and this time it stuck. I've complained about Norweigian Wood not feeling very Japanese because of all its literary and musical references. However, 1Q84 struck me as being very Japanese despite having similar literary and musical references to Western music and media.

1Q84 strikes me as being in the same sensibility as Weathering With You or Your Name. Both Japanese movies have male and female protagonists who are separated in time or space, and who live in an alternate world/timeline where fantastical events/circumstances can happen. As with those movies, there's no explanation, no rationality for why these fantastical elements exist, but it does, and the connection between the protagonists are very light, almost to the point of randomness.

Aomame is a female assassin (one who is dispatched to silently kill men who abuse women). Tengo is a cram school math teacher who's trying to write a novel on the side. The link between them was that they went to elementary school together, and Tengo showed Aomame kindness at one point in 5th grade.

The plot starts when Aomame discovers that the world she's living in is subtly shifted from what she's grown up with --- the police are carrying different weapons, there's discussion about a moon base, and intriguingly, there are two moons in the sky, but she appears to be the only one who sees the second moon.

The chapters in the novel alternate between Aomame and Tengo, though in the last 3rd of the book a 3rd viewpoint is introduced. We gradually see the two threads come together. The pace of the book is slow, and especially in the last 3rd, you wonder if Harukami is deliberately prolonging the book as though he's getting paid by the word. Most of the supernatural stuff is unexplained --- you're just asked to accept it. The characters' resolutions are satisfying, though the 3rd viewpoint near the end of the book seems superfluous.

I read the book to the end, and to be fair the resolution of the alternate world hypothesis was strongly hinted at all through the novel, and you come to the end of the novel and are not surprised by the ending and thinking that it was an unfair mystery. The book definitely could have been much tighter edited and a lot of the extraneous stuff felt more or less superfluous, or "inefficient" as Harukami would describe in his essays.

Still, any 1000 page novel that can get me to finish it in a couple of weeks is probably of above average quality.

Review: Novelist as a Vocation

 I enjoyed Norwegian Wood enough to check out what Haruki Murakami thought about his career as a novelist. Novelist as a Vocation is an original, unique work on the topic. Murakami is humble enough not to prescribe his working style to anyone else, and his unique life means that he has a lot to offer in his thoughts.

The early essays focus on his start as a novelist, and how one day he decided to write a novel, hand-wrote a manuscript over a few months, and then decided it was trash. He then gave up pen and paper and got out a typewriter and rewrote the story in English, not his native language. He claimed that this experience forced him to use simplified language and short words, and after he was done he translated the chapter(s) into Japanese and finished the novel that way, winning a literary price. What a unique experience and insight! By the way, this probably explains why Norwegian Wood didn't feel very much like a Japanese novel. The guy is completely steeped in Western literature, music, and even culture!

His thinking about writing a novel is that a novel is a uniquely inefficient way to get a message across:

Someone whose message is clearly formed has no need to go through the many steps it would take to transpose that message into a story. All he has to do is put it directly into words—it’s much faster and can be easily communicated to an audience. A message or concept that might take six months to turn into a novel can thus be fully developed in a mere three days. Or in ten minutes, if the writer has a microphone and can spit it out as it comes to him. Quick thinkers are capable of that kind of thing. The listener will slap his knee and marvel, “Why didn’t I think of that?!” In the final analysis, that’s what being smart is really all about. (kindle loc 225)

I love that rather than the moaning and groaning about how hard writing is, he talks about how writing was never hard for him. He basically works on the side as a translator of English books, and only writes when the urge consumes him:

 I never write unless I really want to, unless the desire to write is overwhelming. When I feel that desire, I sit down and set to work. When I don’t feel it, I usually turn to translating from English. Since translation is essentially a technical operation, I can pursue it on a daily basis, quite separate from my creative desire; yet at the same time it is a good way to hone my writing skills—were I not a translator, I’m sure I would have found another related pursuit. If I am in the mood, I may also turn to writing essays. “What the heck,” I defiantly tell myself as I peck away at those other projects. “Not writing novels isn’t going to kill me.” (kindle 956)

There are some interesting things that betray Murakami's protestations about his character. Early on in the book he has an entire chapter devoted to how he was glad he didn't win this prestigious prize for upcoming new writers. Later, he writes about how the Japanese criticism of his work led him to leave Japan to write Norwegian Wood so that he didn't have to listen to the critics while he was writing. Clearly the guy is much more sensitive to criticism than he lets on.

I love that his writing habits is to do a certain number of pages a day, and then stop. No more and no less. He also has a devotion to physical fitness, having run an hour a day for almost his entire working life. This of course disturbs the common image of a writer:

I have the sense that no one is hoping that a writer lives in a quiet suburb, lives a healthy early-to-bed-early-to-rise lifestyle, goes jogging without fail every day, likes to make healthful vegetable salads, and holes up in his study for a set period every day to work. I have the anxious sense that all I’m doing is throwing a damper on people’s sense of the romantic. (kindle loc 1624)

Finally there's a great implicit criticism of Japanese academic approach to schools and teaching. Murakmi always refers to himself as being a mediocre student who effectively dropped out of school (he did finish his degree but over a period of years) to start a Jazz cafe. His criticism of Japanese schools will give you much to think about if you were to apply it to the Bay Area parenting hothouse culture:

There were lots of kids who had better grades on English tests than me, but as far as I could tell, none of them could read a book in English from cover to cover. Yet I could easily plow through an entire book. Then why were my grades in English class so mediocre? The conclusion I came to was that the goal of English classes in Japanese high schools was not to get students to use actual, living English. Then what was the goal? There was only one: for students to get high marks on the English section of the college entrance exams. At least for the teachers in the public high school I attended, being able to read books in English or have ordinary conversations with foreigners was beside the point... This goes beyond English, or the study of foreign languages. I can’t help thinking that in almost every subject, Japan’s educational system fundamentally fails to consider how to motivate each individual to improve their potential. Even now the system seems intent on going by the book to cram in facts and teach test-taking techniques. And teachers and parents live and die by how many of their students and children get into various universities. It’s all kind of sad. When I was in school my parents and teachers always warned me, “You’ve got to study as hard as you can while you’re in school. Otherwise when you grow up you’ll regret not having studied more when you were young.” But after I left school I never thought that, not even once. For me it was more regret that I hadn’t done more things I enjoyed doing. Being forced to do that kind of rote memorization, I felt, wasted my life. (kindle loc 1774-1798)

All in all, the book is short, but full of stuff worth reading. I certainly found it more enlightening or maybe even enjoyable than his fiction!

 

Review: Norwegian Wood

 I will confess to having bounced off prior attempts to read Haruki Murakami books, but hope springs eternal, so somehow Norwegian Wood found its way into my library queue and this time I actually read it.

Of all the Japanese novels I've read, this one feels the least Japanese. Other novels, I've read, for instance, would make references to Japanese books not available in English translation, but darn near every music/pop culture reference to this book refers to English music or American music, and nearly every book reference is steeped in English or American literature.

The book revolves around a young man who starts college a couple of years after one of his best friends commits suicide. The book has a lot of people committing suicide, making me wonder how come Japan's subways were so packed in the 1970s. Besides the aboved mentioned best friend, the best friend's girlfriend, the protagnist's new best friend's girlfriend and quite possibly another person I'd forgotten about also commit suicide.

The book's theme isn't suicide, however. It's about relationships. Again, the point of view character lives a pretty unbelievable life, but maybe college was cheap in the 1960s. Apparently despite being from a family that's not rich, he pays for his expenses solely with a part time job at a record store, and never has to be accountable to his parents, so he would skip out on classes and go on trips, etc., and still has plenty of money to go on dates, buy drinks and bullet train tickets, etc. I guess when you write fiction you don't have to be realistic.

In any case, the point of view character makes all the dumb mistakes a young adult male can make. I won't fault the author for those --- as a former young adult male I made many of the same mistakes, though not with the same wild profligarate spending (not being rich) and not having the kind of major that would have no consequences if I skipped out on them for weeks at a time.

In the end, the author makes the correct decision, but not before making a lot of questionable ones. I'm not sure I learned a lot about Japanese culture from this novel, but the novel must have rung a lot of resonances because it was apparently very popular both in Japan and elsewhere.

Review: Supergirl - Woman of Tomorrow

 No, I still haven't seen the new Superman movie yet (I'll wait to see it in streaming video), but I read enough James Gunn interviews that when he mentioned that he fast-tracked Supergirl because it had a great script based on Woman of Tomorrow, I checked it out of the library despite my not liking Tom King's work in previous comics.

I still don't like Tom King's work. To be fair, when writing about any of the Super-characters, it's a difficult job since they have so many powers and are rarely in any real danger, even ignoring the meta-narrative that a comic book series can never kill off its title character. What I don't like about his work is that he doesn't have a good understanding of visual story-telling, so his writing has a lot of excessive verbiage even when the illustrations could do a far better job of telling the story than his mediocre writing.

In this particular story, King decides to use the device of having a non-super character narrate the story. The narrator has a particularly verbose style (though I suspect it's because King doesn't have the discipline to write a tight story), and Supergirl somehow takes a liking to her and takes her on several adventures. She does get put in real danger and the setup is stupid (Supergirl visits a planet under a red sun for her birthday so she can feel vulnerable). There are a few interesting situations (a green sun that makes Supergirl vulnerable, kryptonite weapons, etc), and we get to see Krypto and Super-horse (!!).

The device doesn't quite work, and while we get a glimpse of how super Supergirl is, I suspect the movie based on this story will have to be highly modified for it to be anything resembling a "terrific" script. This will be one of those few stories where the movie has got to be better than the book because the book is so bad!

Review: Everything is Tuberculosis

 Everything is Tuberculosis got great reviews from everyone so I checked it out of the library to read it. The author, John Green, wrote The Fault in Our Stars, which was a famous novel which got made into a movie, and it shows that his passion isn't in non-fiction or science, but in drama and people.

Tuberculosis has frequently been described as "Ebola with Wings." It's well deserved, and has killed a more people than any other disease in history. However, it's also eminently curable with today's antibiotics. Except what has happened is that a lot of patients who got the antibiotics would stop taking them once they felt better, which led to the rise of antibiotic resistant strains of the virus. That resulted in the rise of direct observed therapy in 3rd world countries to assuage first world donors' concerns.

John Green observed "a 2007 study found that Africans were more likely to adhere to HIV/AIDS treatment regimens than North Americans." (kindle loc 2085). Again, that had nothing to do with Tuberculosis, since as far as I know, there haven't arisen versions of HIV that have become multi-drug resistant.

The book is full of such frustrating statements where you would draw the wrong conclusions if you'd taken what Green wrote at face value. I cannot tell whether Green is making arguments in bad faith, or whether he truly doesn't understand the epidemiology. I appreciate his repeated sentiment that Tuberculosis is curable and no one has to die of it today, it's just that health infrastructure isn't equitably distributed. But that problem cannot be solved through technology, but has to be solved through politics.

I thought the amount of attention given to this book would probably be better devoted to a book written by a scientist, doctor, or epidemiologist. But hey, any attention is better than no attention to such a dreaded and horrible disease.

Review: Shift

 Shift claims to be abook about managing your emotions. In reality, you can't manage your emotions. When they are aroused, they'll be aroused, and all you can do is to manage your reactions to your emotions so you don't do something dumb.

The book discusses various tricks you can play. For instance, you can reframe your view of the situation. An example in the book is when you see someone else succeed you can view that as inspiration rather than envy. Another approach is to call your friends to talk through your feelings. Here, the book does a good job of explaining that not everyone is going to be good for you to talk to, and how to split your friends into "people who will listen to me", and "people who will help me." There's even a category for "people who will listen to me but reinforce my bad behavior." 

Another way is to pre-emptively design your environment so your behavior is better. For instance, if there aren't chocolate chip cookies in the house you can't just eat. One thing that the author mentions is the use of music to regulate mood and emotion. It's not hard to do but it's hard to consciously do. Another point he makes is that if you don't regularly make phone calls to your friends it's also very hard to remember to do that when you do need to call, because you're not in practice. The practice of regularly staying in touch and calling your friends when you don't need to needs to be there to reinforce your behavior when you do need to talk to them. (He doesn't mention how to make friends, however!)

The book does unnecessarily name drop names and humble brags about the author's really privileged background. But that's ok. I still was reminded of really good techniques in this book. It's worth your time.

Review: Spent by Alison Bechdel

 Alison Bechdel is famous for her rule about how to evaluate women characters in movies. I didn't have first hand experience of her work, so I picked up Spent from the library. It turns out that this book is part of a series, and you really have a hard time reading it without  having read the other books in the series. You can pick it up from context, but with such a large cast of characters I found it really hard to care about most of them. Actually, I found it impossible to care about any of them.

First of all, the book is sort of an autobiography --- the main character is Alison Bechdel, a successful cartoonist whose books got turned into a TV show. She has to struggle with her trump supporting sister who in reaction is writing a book of her own, her partner who's a goat farmer of sorts, and various characters that move in and out of her house.

The book depicts left wing liberal angst to an extreme. I find it hard to believe people actually talk or behave like this in real life (and I consider myself extremely left wing, or at least, anti-right wing). Do people really conflate Marxism with polyamory and all sorts of other things? Is this meant to be funny? If it is, I'm afraid the humor is entirely lost on me. Similarly, there's a lot of angst about money (despite having a lot of success), but given what the characters spend money on it's hard to reconcile that with the plotlines.

The art is OK. Nothing special. The worst thing about the hardback is that it's hard to keep it open to read! The kindle version is probably the one to get just to avoid that problem, but I was too cheap to buy the book and just read it from the library. Good thing I did. I'd be unhappy if I spent any of my hard earned money on a book with effectively no plot and no interesting characters.

Review: Our Moon

Our Moon was a random pick – filling up the kindle prior to a flight. The author weaves between actual exposition of the scientific facts and theories about the moon and its creation (and subsequence exploration by humans), and wildly wacko stuff that seems irrelevant, such as native Americans being offended by the moon landings (seriously? Why should I care? Why should anyone hold back progress for people with pre-scientific cultural taboos)

I learned a ton of interesting facts, such as the current theory that the moon was the result of a collision between two proto-earths, and the various differences in calendaring systems that all have to struggle with reconciling the differences between the lunar orbit and the Earth’s orbit around the Sun.

But to extract all that I had to wade through tons and tons of irrelevant material. This book could have used a much better editor.

Re-read: Aurora Rising

Many years ago I first read Aurora Rising under a different title, and I thought it was a police procedural. Re-reading years later, I will revise my opinion: this is as much of a science fiction adventure as anything Alaistair Reynolds has ever written.  The setting is the Glitterband, a cluster of 10,000+ habitats all running a common polling algorithm for democracy. Each little habitat gets to choose how they live, with some choosing tyranny (without limits), while others proud of their diligence about policy.

When a threat arises (from a rogue AI), Prefect Dreyfus starts chasing down leads and discovers ties to the past, including those of his deputies as well as his previous actions during a previous crisis.

The characters are great, though some of the technology seems deliberately set in some weird steampunk. (Search engines are called Search Turbines, and when they can crash in ways that actually destroy the hardware they’re running on). Encryption of privileged information is done via biochemistry, with an injection or some form of medicine that over time enables you to read the documents that were Encrypted.

I love how the reveals work --- you see the current situation and then only later discover how it came about. I enjoyed the gradual introduction of the previous crisis, as well as the ultimate solution.

Alastair Reynolds is always worth reading, and in this, re-reading. Recommended!

Review: 7.5 Lessons About the Brain

7.5 Lessons about Your Brain is a delightfully short collection of essays about the human brain. Each essay is short enough to read in about 15-20 minutes, but they build on each other, so you're best off reading them in order.

The main point of the book is that your brain's job isn't actually thinking. (That's why thinking is so hard!) It's primary job is to manage resources, and in order to do so it has to be able to predict the future. The essays cover how memory works (nothing's actually stored, more like experiences are recreated), how infants learn, and how the human brain's ability to do abstraction can allows the construction of social reality.

What's interesting is that unlike many others, the author believes that you do have choices and free will, but doesn't specify how and why. There's a great section about how the old myths about the reptile brain and the neo-cortex is wrong, and that:

"Sometimes we're responsible for things not because they're our fault, but because we're the only ones who can change them." (Page 81).

It's rare to read a book so well written that a few short pages can cover so much. Recommended!

Review: Moral Ambition

 Moral Ambition is Ruger Bregman's book trying to convince people to stop taking high paying but soul sucking jobs in favor of jobs that matter. I enjoyed Utopia for Realists so I picked it up. 

The book starts with the story of Thomas Clarkson, who while doing research in college about the ethics of owning slaves came to the conclusion that slavery was such a scourge that he could do nothing but devote his life to abolishing it. He eventually linked up with the Quakers and obviously the movement was successful in getting the British Empire to stop the slave trade.

The book then goes through other case studies indicating that while most people have a strong moral sense, many people require someone to ask them to do the right thing instead of doing nothing by default. This need for activation leads to clusters of people doing the right thing, but a small well organized group can be much more effective if they're willing to work very hard. 

That sounds very much like a startup, so Bregman introduces us to a school in London that incubates and trains non profit entrepreneurs. We see various examples like how Bill Gates essentially funded the malaria vaccine, while a single entrepreneur singlehandedly funded the distribution of several million mosquito nets.

My critique of the book is my usual critiques of do-gooders. The biggest lever you can have is to win the government of the superpower in the world. Unfortunately, it looks a lot as though progressives keep failing to do that, and many of the gains they hope to achieve may actually be rolled back as a result of not focusing on such gains.

Bergman is not naive. He notes that many groups that are fanatically devoted to a cause may not even have sufficient introspection to realize that their cause is not a good one. Another problem for many progressive institutions is the demand for moral purity and refusal to compromise, which essentially means that they're very hard to work with and tend to get nothing done since the purity contests prevent effectiveness.

The book is short and a fast read. I'm not sure I agree with all of it but it deserves a reading. Maybe it'll inspire you to take up an important cause. 

Review: The Goal

 The Goal has "required reading for Amazon employees" all over the cover, and was assigned reading for work. It's basically a business process book written in the form of a novel, which I find strange and quite distracting, but since I was getting paid to read it I plowed through and read it anyway.

The POV character is a plant manager for a manufacturer of widgets (it's never even discussed what the widgets are, what they do, and who the customers are --- it's quite clear that this is a business book for managers who should be able to manage anything and don't care about the technical details). The plant is in trouble, always late for delivering goods for customers, and is in danger of being shut down.

The POV character recalls a physics instructor who's become a big name business consultant, and calls him for help. The consultant then guides the POV character through what's obviously Toyota's JIT manufacturing system, identifying the bottlenecks in the production process and then re-orienting the plant in favor of maximizing throughput on the bottlenecks regardless of other artificial metrics such as efficiency on non-bottlenecked machines and processes. Various problems are overcome, some of which are buffering the bottlenecked processes, reducing batch sizes, and thereby reducing latency from order to delivery, which then enables more sales to be made.

Then the author takes everything one more level up in abstraction and designates a process for this type of analysis: (1) identify the goal (2) identify the bottlenecks (3) re-orient everything around the bottlenecks (4) increase capacity around the bottlenecks (5) re-evaluate.

In between all this, the POV character has to overcome his wife leaving him because he spends so much time at work, and goes through epiphany after epiphany over how his egghead acquaintance who's a management consult is so useful.

Maybe the kind of people who don't read real novels but love lean manufacturing think this is a great book. Me, I think the book could have been much better if it had been a history of Toyota's development of the lean manufacturing (JIT) system.

Re-read: The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo

 I recently watched the movie adaptation of The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo with Xiaoqin, and I thought it to be a very compelling movie which followed the book quite closely.  I'd picked up the entire trilogy while it was on sale, so it was time to re-read it to see what it was like.

To begin with, it's clear that Stieg Larsson an avid reader. Lots of books get mentioned as part of the casual description of scenes in the novel, and some of them are even English novels. The movie and the book match nearly exactly, with the movie able to make the mystery of the swap between Cecilia Vanger and Anita Vanger much more of a visual clue than the book was. The final search for Harriet Vanger was much more described in the book than in the movie, which treated it as an off-camera coda than the book did.

What books manage to do better than movies is to let you get into the heads of the characters, and here Larsson does a great job of depicting Liz Salander's thought processes as well as Blomkvist's. What I really enjoyed is that Blomkvist is a male protagonist who's explicitly not a sexist asshole, unlike many of the male characters in the book.

This book deserved to be a best-seller for its time. It still withstands a reread and I will go on to read the rest of the series or maybe even watch the movies, given how closely the movies followed this first book.